Jusletter

Health apps under MedDO and the legal status of online platforms

  • Auteur-e: Astrid Pilottin
  • Catégories d'articles: Articles scientifiques
  • Domaines juridiques: Droit de la santé
  • DOI: 10.38023/33979aa8-327e-46ef-a059-0787fe955427
  • Proposition de citation: Astrid Pilottin, Health apps under MedDO and the legal status of online platforms, in : Jusletter 30 janvier 2023
Medical device law has faced many difficulties since the entry into force in 2021 of the new regulation and the new third-country status of Switzerland with European Union law. Using a recent case of the Federal Administrative Court, this article presents the qualification and classification of software as medical devices. It highlights how the challenges of conformity assessment, certification, and monitoring of digital health technologies and health apps jeopardize patient safety. The article also addresses the question of the legal status of online platforms and the part they could play in health app surveillance.

Table of contents

  • 1. Qualification of software and health apps as medical devices
  • 1.1. Legal sources for software as medical devices
  • 1.2. The notion of software
  • 1.2.1. General terminology of software
  • 1.2.2. Experts’ use of terminology
  • 1.3. Software for specific medical use
  • 1.4. Software with data processing: not limited to storage, archiving, communication, and simple search
  • 1.5. The software can provide information about a specific patient
  • 1.6. Wellness and lifestyle software
  • 1.7. Mode of action of the medical device and distinction from the concept of a medicinal product
  • 2. Medical device classification of software
  • 2.1. General principles
  • 2.2. Example of the contraceptive application
  • 3. The challenge of conformity assessment and certification of health apps
  • 4. Monitoring software as medical devices
  • 4.1. Principles
  • 4.2. Monitoring health apps
  • 4.3. User confidence
  • 5. The legal status of online platforms under MedDo
  • 5.1. Online platforms as gatekeepers
  • 5.2. Distributors or importers under MedDO
  • 5.2.1. Natural or legal person established in Switzerland
  • 5.2.2. Distributor or importer?
  • 5.2.3. Making available on the Swiss market until putting into service
  • 5.3. Impact of the Digital Service Act in the European Union
  • 6. Conclusion

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